Oatley Park is a tree-covered peninsula almost surrounded by the estuarine waters of the lower Georges River. Viewed from a distance, it rises from the water as a steep bushy prominence. Covering an area of 45 hectares, it is the most significant area of bushland remaining in the St George district. Its importance as a sanctuary for native flora and fauna is increased because it is linked by bush corridors around Lime Kiln Bay to narrow but substantial reserves fringing South Peakhurst and Lugarno.

The park is not completely natural. It has roads, an oval, picnic areas and historic tidal swimming baths. It is subject to intensive recreational uses, especially at weekends and in summer holidays when hundreds of visitors picnic, cycle and walk throughout the park. Nevertheless, there remain some significant natural areas protecting a wide range of native plants many of which are locally endangered or are regionally extinct.

The peninsula is predominantly Hawkesbury Sandstone so the soils are mainly shallow skeletal sands with a mixture of light clay and weathered shale lenses. Woodland occurs on the plateau dominated by an open low tree cover and scattered shrubs. Open forest with taller trees occurs on the slopes. On the more sheltered south and east slopes, especially beneath the sandstone cliff line, the ground cover is denser and there are some rainforest elements, such as vines, ferns and broad-leaved trees and shrubs. Extensive mangrove forests occur along Lime Kiln Bay, with a narrow band of salt marsh on saline silts and sands. At the upper reaches of Lime Kiln Bay is a large area of Phragmites australis swamp where the fresh water runoff from the streets meets the tidal zone. A small area of sandstone-shale interface exists near the main entrance, but most of the shrub cover of this unique area was destroyed many years ago by over-zealous council clearing. A single specimen of Brown Stringybark and a small stand of Blackbutt still occur in this area.

Oatley Park protects important examples of the natural environment which occurred throughout the area before the spread of suburbs. Within its boundaries are numerous micro-habitats giving protection to a variety of native plants and to animals which rely on those plants for food, shelter and nesting. The bushland, too, is an essential part of the outdoor recreational experiences of thousands of visitors each year. Students from schools and TAFE colleges also find the park a convenient outdoor classroom and laboratory for pursuing environmental studies.

The park's natural values cannot be taken for granted. The flora is under threat from excessive hazard-reduction burning (at least two rare species have disappeared because of fire), from too many recreational visitors (damage is clearly being done to the plateau vegetation around the picnic areas) and from park maintenance and track clearing carried out by inexperienced council workers. The future of the park depends on community concern, awareness that this is a valuable asset, and management by the Trustees with expertise and foresight.

NATIVE PLANTS
Arranged alphabetically in Families and in Species within each Family under the groups of

1. Ferns and Fern Allies
2. Cycads and Conifers
3. Flowering Plants - Dicotyledons
4. Flowering Plants - Monocotyledons

1. FERNS AND FERN ALLIES

ADIANTACEAE
Adiantum aethiopicum Common Maidenhair
Adiantum hispidulum Rough Maidenhair

ASPLENIACEAE
Asplenium australasicum (CG) Bird's-nest Fern
Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace fern

BLECHNACEAE
Blechnum sp. Water Fern

CYATHEACEAE
Calochlaena dubia Common Ground Fern
Cyathea australis Rough Treefern

DAVALLIACEAE
Davallia pyxidata Hares'-foot Fern

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE
Histiopteris incisa Bat's-wing Fern
Pteridium esculentum Bracken

GLEICHENIACEAE
Gleichenia dicarpa Pouched Coral-fern
Gleichenia rupestris

LINDSAEACEAE
Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern
Lindsaea microphylla Lacy Wedge Fern

POLYPODIACEAE
Platycerium bifurcatum Elkhorn

PSILOTACEAE
Psilotum nudum Skeleton Fork Fern

SELAGINELLACEAE
Selaginella uliginosa (CG) Swamp Selaginella

SINOPTERIDACEAE
Cheilanthes distans (CG) Cloak-fern
Cheilanthes sieberi Poison Rock Fern

2. CYCADS AND CONIFERS

PODOCARPACEAE
Podocarpus elatus Plum Pine
Podocarpus spinulosus Native Pine

ZAMIACEAE
Macrozamia communis Burrawang

3. FLOWERING PLANTS - DICOTYLEDONS

ACANTHACEAE
Brunoniella pumilio Dwarf Blue Trumpet

APIACEAE
Actinotus helianthi Flannel Flower
Actinotus minor Lesser Flannel Flower
Platysace ericoides Heath Platysace
Platysace lanceolata Lance-leaf Platysace
Platysace linearifolia Narrow-leaf Platysace
Trachymene incisa
Xanthosia pilosa
Xanthosia tridentata


APOCYNACEAE
Parsonsia straminea Common Silkpod

ARALIACEAE
Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry Panax

ASCLEPIADACEAE
Marsdenia suaveolens Scented Mink Vine

ASTERACEAE
Cassinia aculeata Dolly Bush
Cassinia aureonitens Yellow Cassinia
Epaltes australis (CG) Spreading Nut-heads
Euchiton (Gnaphalium) gymnocephalum (CG) Creeping Cudweed
Euchiton (Gnaphalium) sphaericum (CG) Cudweed
Lagenifera gracilis (CG) Blue Bottle-daisy
Olearia microphylla Small-leaf Daisy Bush
Olearia viscidula Sticky Daisy Bush
Ozothamnus diosmifolius White Dogwood
Senecio quadridentatus (CG) Cotton Fireweed

AVICENNIACEAE
Avicennia marina var. australasica Grey Mangrove

BIGNONIACEAE
Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine

CAMPANULACEAE
Wahlenbergia communis/littoricola (CG) Tufted Bluebell
Wahlenbergia gracilis Australian Bluebell

CASUARINACEAE
Allocasuarina littoralis Black She-oak
Casuarina glauca Swamp Oak

CHENOPODIACEAE
Einadia hastata Saloop
Sarcocornia quinqueflora Samphire

CLUSIACEAE
Hypericum gramineum Small St John's Wort

COMMELINACEAE
Commelina cyanea (CG) Scurvy Weed

CONVOLVULACEAE
Dichondra repens Kidney Weed
Polymeria calycina Bindweed

CRASSULACEAE
Crassula sieberiana Australian Stonecrop

CUNONIACEAE
Callicoma serratifolia Black Wattle
Ceratopetalum gummiferum Christmas Bush

DILLENIACEAE
Hibbertia diffusa
Hibbertia fasciculata Bundled Guinea Flower
Hibbertia monogyna/circumdans
Hibbertia nitida Shining Guinea Flower
Hibbertia scandens Climbing Guinea Flower

DROSERACEAE
Drosera auriculata
Drosera peltata Pale Sundew

ELAEOCARPACEAE
Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blueberry Ash

EPACRIDACEAE
Astroloma humifusum Native Cranberry
Astroloma pinifolium Pine Heath
Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne Heath
Epacris longiflora Fuchsia Heath
Epacris pulchella
Leucopogon amplexicaulis
Leucopogon ericoides White Beard
Leucopogon juniperinus Prickly Beard-heath
Lissanthe strigosa Peach Heath
Monotoca elliptica Tree Broom-heath
Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heath
Styphelia laeta ssp. laeta
Styphelia tubiflora Red Five-corners
Woollsia pungens Woollsia

EUPHORBIACEAE
Amperea xiphoclada Broom Spurge
Breynia oblongifolia Breynia
Glochidion ferdinandi var. ferdinandi Cheese Tree
Glochidion ferdinandi var.pubens (CG) Cheese Tree
Micrantheum ericoides
Omalanthus nutans (populifolius) Bleeding Heart
Phyllanthus hirtellus Thyme Spurge
Poranthera ericifolia Heath-leaved Poranthera
Poranthera microphylla Small Poranthera
Ricinocarpos pinifolius Wedding Bush

FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Bossiaea ensata
Bossiaea heterophylla
Bossiaea scolopendria Plank Plant
Daviesia corymbosa Bitter Pea
Desmodium gunnii (CG) Tick-trefoil
Dillwynia retorta Eggs and Bacon
Glycine clandestina Love Creeper
Glycine microphylla Love Creeper
Glycine tabacina (CG)
Gompholobium glabratum Glory Pea
Hardenbergia violacea Purple Twining Pea
Hovea linearis
Kennedia rubicunda Red Bean
Pultenaea daphnoides Large-leaf Bush-pea
Pultenaea linophylla
Pultenaea stipularis Fine-leaf Bush-pea
Viminaria juncea Native Broom

FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
Acacia baileyana * Cootamundra Wattle
Acacia brownii Prickly Moses
Acacia hispidula
Acacia linifolia Flax Wattle
Acacia longifolia Sydney Golden Wattle
Acacia myrtifolia Myrtle-leaf Wattle
Acacia parramattensis Sydney Green Wattle
Acacia podalyriifolia * Queensland Silver Wattle
Acacia suaveolens Sweet-scented Wattle
Acacia terminalis Sunshine Wattle
Acacia ulicifolia Prickly Moses

GERANIACEAE
Pelargonium inodorum (CG)

GOODENIACEAE
Dampiera stricta Blue Dampiera
Goodenia bellidifolia
Goodenia hederacea Ivy Goodenia
Scaevola ramosissima Fan Flower

HALORAGACEAE
Gonocarpus teucrioides Raspwort

JUNCAGINACEAE
Triglochin striata (CG) Streaked Arrowgrass

LAURACEAE
Cassytha pubescens Devil's Twine


LOBELIACEAE
Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia
Lobelia dentata
Lobelia gracilis
Pratia purpurascens White Root

LOGANIACEAE
Mitrasacme polymorpha Mitre Weed

LORANTHACEAE
Amyema congener ssp. congener Mistletoe
Muellerina celastroides Mistletoe

MORACEAE
Ficus rubiginosa Port Jackson Fig

MYOPORACEAE
Myoporum acuminatum Boobialla

MYRSINACEAE
Aegiceras corniculatum River Mangrove
Rapanea howittiana (CG) Brush Muttonwood
Rapanea variablis Muttonwood

MYRTACEAE
Angophora bakeri Narrow-leaved Apple
Angophora costata Smooth-barked Apple
Angophora floribunda Rough-barked Apple
Angophora hispida Dwarf Apple
Angophora X (hybrid of A.hispida and A.bakeri / A.costata ?)
Callistemon linearis (CG) Narrow-leaved Bottlebrush
Callistemon pinifolius (CG) Pine-leaved Bottlebrush
Eucalyptus 'haemarac' Scribbly Gum
Eucalyptus capitellata Brown Stringybark
Eucalyptus gummifera Red Bloodwood
Eucalyptus pilularis Blackbutt
Eucalyptus piperita Sydney Peppermint
Eucalyptus punctata Grey Gum
Kunzea ambigua Tick Bush
Leptospermum polygalifolium Yellow Tea-tree
Leptospermum trinervium Flaky-barked Tea-tree
Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paper-bark
Melaleuca thymifolia Honey Myrtle

OLEACEAE
Notelaea longifolia Mock Olive

OXALIDACEAE
Oxalis exilis (CG)
Oxalis perennans (CG)
Oxalis thompsoniae (CG)

PITTOSPORACEAE
Billardiera scandens Dumplings
Bursaria spinosa Blackthorn
Pittosporum undulatum Mock Orange

POLYGALACEAE
Comesperma ericinum Match Heads
Comesperma sphaerocarpum Broom Milkwort

POLYGONACEAE
Persicaria decipiens Slender Knotweed

PORTULACACEAE
Calandrinia sp (pickeringii ?) Purslane

PRIMULACEAE
Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed

PROTEACEAE
Banksia ericifolia Heath-leaved Banksia
Banksia integrifolia Coast Banksia
Banksia oblongifolia
Banksia serrata Old Man Banksia
Banksia spinulosa Spiny-leaf Banksia
Conospermum ericifolium Smoke Bush
Conospermum longifolium ssp. angustifolium Long-leaf Coneseeds
Grevillea buxifolia ssp. sphacelata Grey Spider Flower
Grevillea mucronulata Green Spider Flower
Grevillea sericea Pink Spider Flower
Hakea dactyloides Broad-leaf Hakea
Hakea sericea Needle Bush
Isopogon anemonifolius Drumsticks
Lambertia formosa Honey Flower
Lomatia silaifolia Crinkle Bush
Persoonia hirsuta ssp. hirsuta Hairy Geebung
Persoonia laurina ssp. laurina Laurel Geebung
Persoonia levis Broad-leaf Geebung
Persoonia linearis Narrow-leaf Geebung
Petrophile pulchella Conesticks
Xylomelum pyriforme Woody Pear

RANUNCULACEAE
Clematis glycinoides Old Man's Beard

RHAMNACEAE
Cryptandra amara
Pomaderris intermedia (CG)
Pomaderris lanigera Woolly Pomaderris

RUBIACEAE
Morinda jasminoides (CG) Morinda
Opercularia aspera Coarse Stinkweed
Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed
Pomax umbellata Pomax

RUTACEAE
Correa reflexa Native Fuchsia
Eriostemon scaber ssp. scaber Wax Flower
Zieria pilosa Hairy Zieria

SANTALACEAE
Exocarpos cupressiformis Native Cherry
Exocarpos strictus Dwarf Cherry
Leptomeria acida Native Currant
Omphacomeria acerba Leafless Sour-bush

SAPINDACEAE
Dodonaea triquetra Hop Bush

SCROPHULARIACEAE
Veronica plebeia Trailing Speedwell

STACKHOUSIACEAE
Stackhousia viminea Slender Stackhousia

STERCULIACEAE
Lasiopetalum ferrugineum var. ferrugineum Rusty Petals
Lasiopetalum rufum Red Rusty Petals

STYLIDIACEAE
Stylidium graminifolium Grass Trigger Plant
Stylidium productum Trigger Plant

THYMELAEACEAE
Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice Flower

TREMANDRACEAE
Tetratheca neglecta Black-eyed Susan

ULMACEAE
Trema aspera Native Peach

VERBENACEAE
Clerodendrum tomentosum Hairy Clerodendrum

VIOLACEAE
Hybanthus monopetalus Lady's Slipper

4. FLOWERING PLANTS - MONOCOTYLEDONS

ANTHERICACEAE
Caesia parviflora Pale Grass-lily
Laxmannia gracilis Wire Lily
Thysanotus tuberosus Fringed Lily
Tricoryne simplex Yellow Rush-lily

BLANDFORDIACEAE
Blandfordia nobilis Christmas Bells

COLCHICACEAE
Burchardia umbellata Milkmaids

CYPERACEAE
Baumea juncea Bare Twig Rush
Carex breviculmis (CG)
Carex inversa (CG) Knob Sedge
Caustis flexuosa Curly Sedge
Chorizandra cymbaria (CG) Bristle-rush
Cyperus laevis (CG)
Gahnia aspera (CG) Rough Saw-sedge
Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruited Saw-sedge
Lepidosperma concavum (CG)
Lepidosperma laterale sp. A (CG) Variable Sword-sedge
Lepidosperma laterale form A(CG)
Lepidosperma neesii (CG) Stiff Rapier-sedge
Schoenus melanostachys (CG) Black Bog-rush
Tetraria capillaris

HAEMODORACEAE
Haemodorum planifolium Bloodroot

HYPOXIDACEAE
Hypoxis hygrometrica Golden Weather-grass

IRIDACEAE
Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flag
Patersonia sericea Purple Iris

JUNCACEAE
Juncus continuus (CG)
Juncus kraussii Sea Rush
Juncus remotiflorus (CG)
Juncus usitatus (CG)

LOMANDRACEAE
Lomandra confertifolia ssp. rubiginosa
Lomandra cylindrica Needle Mat-rush
Lomandra filiformis ssp. coriacea Wattle Mat-rush
Lomandra filiformis ssp. filiformis (CG) Wattle Mat-rush
Lomandra gracilis
Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush
Lomandra multiflora Many-flowered Mat-rush
Lomandra obliqua Twisted Mat-rush

LUZURIAGACEAE
Eustrephus latifolius Wombat Berry

ORCHIDACEAE
Acianthus fornicatus Pixie Caps
Caladenia catenata White Caladenia
Calochilus paludosus Red Beard Orchid
Calochilus robertsonii Purplish Beard Orchid
Corybas pruinosus Toothed Helmet Orchid
Cryptostylis erecta (CG) Bonnet Orchid
Dendrobium linguiforme Tongue Orchid
Dipodium punctatum Hyacinth Orchid
Diuris maculata Donkey Orchid
Erythrorchis cassythoides Climbing Orchid
Glossodia major Waxlip Orchid
Lyperanthus suaveolens Brown Beaks
Microtis rara (CG) Scented Onion Orchid
Pterostylis concinna Trim Greenhood
Pterostylis curta Blunt Greenhood
Pterostylis nutans Nodding Greenhood
Spiranthes sinensis Ladies Tresses

PHORMIACEAE
Dianella sp. Blue Flax Lily
Dianella caerulea var. producta(CG)
Dianella longifolia Blue Flax Lily
Dianella revoluta Blue Flax Lily
Thelionema caespitosum Tufted Blue Lily

POACEAE
Agrostis avenacea (CG) Blown Grass
Anisopogon avenaceus Oat Spear Grass
Aristida ramosa var. ramosa Purple Wiregrass
Aristida vagans Threeawn Speargrass
Aristida warburgii (CG) Speargrass
Austrodanthonia longifolia (CG) Longleaf Wallaby Grass
Austrodanthonia racemosa (CG) Wallaby Grass
Austrodanthonia tenuior Wallaby Grass
Austrostipa pubescens (CG) Tall Speargrass
Cymbopogon refractus Barbwire Grass
Deyeuxia quadriseta (CG) Bent Grass
Dichelachne micrantha Shorthair Plumegrass
Dichelachne parva (CG) Plumegrass
Digitaria parviflora (CG) Small-flowered Finger Grass
Digitaria ramularis (CG) Finger Grass
Echinopogon caepitosus var. caepitosus Hedgehog Grass
Echinopogon ovatus Forest Hedgehog Grass
Entolasia marginata (CG) Bordered Panic
Entolasia stricta var. hirsuta (CG) Wiry Panic
Entolasia stricta var. stricta (CG) Wiry Panic
Entolasia whiteana Panic
Eragrostis benthamii (CG) Lovegrass
Eragrostis brownii (CG) Brown's Lovegrass
Imperata cylindrica var.major (CG) Blady Grass
Microlaena stipoides Weeping Grass
Oplismenus aemulus (CG)
Oplismenus imbecillis (CG)
Panicum simile Two Colour Panic
Paspalidium distans (CG)
Phragmites australis Common Reed
Poa affinis Poa
Tetrarrhena juncea Wiry Ricegrass
Themeda australis Kangaroo Grass

RESTIONACEAE
Lepyrodia scariosa Scale-rush

SMILACACEAE
Smilax australis Wait-a-while Vine
Smilax glyciphylla False Sarsaparilla

XANTHORRHOEACEAE
Xanthorrhoea arborea Grass Tree
Xanthorrhoea media Grass Tree

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SPECIES
with description, location and flowering times
309 species

1. Acacia baileyana - Small tree, dense yellow flower balls, blue-grey feather-like foliage. A non-local native species, introduced around play areas and now naturalised. Flowering July - August.
2. Acacia brownii - Small shrub, bright yellow flower balls, straggling branches, spiny "leaves" (phyllodes). On dry tops. Flowering July - September.
3. Acacia hispidula - A small shrub with 2 cm long "leaves", rough to touch, light yellow flower balls borne on single stalks. On rocks above Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering : some flowers most of the year.
4. Acacia linifolia - Shrub up to 4 metres tall, cream flower balls, small narrow "leaves". On wooded slopes. Flowers found December to September.
5. Acacia longifolia - Tall shrub, deep yellow flowers in densely packed spikes, long, broad "leaves". Widespread. Flowering June - September.
6. Acacia myrtifolia - Low shrub, round yellow flowerheads, elliptic "leaves" to 5 cm long. Widespread. Flowering July - September.
7. Acacia parramattensis - Small tree, pale yellow flower balls, dark green feather-like foliage. Roadsides, east of playground and around oval. Flowering December - January.
8. Acacia podalyriifolia - Small tree, bright yellow flowers, silver-grey foliage. A non-local native species planted around picnic areas and spreading into nearby bush. Flowering August.
9. Acacia suaveolens - Slender shrub, pale yellow flower heads, long (to 12 cm) flat "leaves". Widespread. Flowering April - November.
10. Acacia terminalis - Shrub to 2 m tall, yellow flower heads, bipinnate leaves. On rocky exposed slopes. Flowering March - September.
11. Acacia ulicifolia - Small shrub to 2 m tall, creamy globular flower heads, needle-like "leaves". Widespread. Flowering April - September.
12. Acianthus fornicatus - Tiny ground orchid, less than 20 cm tall with 4-6 reddish green flowers. Leaf is heart-shaped and basal and is commonly seen on the ground even when there are no flowers. Very common on sheltered slopes. Flowering May - July.
13. Actinotus helianthi - Conspicuous short-lived perennial, germinating in large numbers after fire. Large white flower heads, soft to touch. Widespread on dry plateau. Some flowers all year round, but peak flowering September-December.
14. Actinotus minor - Low sprawling plant, with many small white flower heads. Common in sheltered spots and open forest. Flowering : some flowers all year round.
15. Adianthum aethiopicum - Ground fern, sometimes forming extensive patches. In a variety of sheltered situations.
16. Adianthum hispidulum - Ground fern with distinctive black stalks. Sheltered and shaded areas.
17. Aegiceras corniculatum - Shrub or small tree, leaves rounded, white flowers in umbels, fruit like a cylindrical horn. Grows along the saline mudflats in association with Grey Mangrove but on the landward side of that species. Flowers May - October.
18. Agrostis avenacea (CG) - Grass to 70 cm tall. Flower bracts with long awn. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering September-January.
19. Allocasuarina littoralis - Erect tree, with pine-like leaves and 6-8 leaf-teeth in a whorl around stem joints. Male and female flowers different. Female flowers form distinctive cylindrical woody cones. Flowering May - June.
20. Amperea xiphoclada - Small almost leafless shrub, upright stems stiff and angular, clumps of small flowers in the leaf nodes. Common on dry plateau and slopes. Flowering : some flowers all year round.
21. Amyema congener ssp. congener - Spreading epiphytic shrub growing on Allocasuarina. Flowers are green-yellow with pink stamens and are often seen on the ground after birds have picked at them. Flowering June - November.
22. Angophora bakeri - Small tree, narrow opposite drooping leaves. Rocky plateau above Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering December - January.
23. Angophora costata - Large beautiful tree, branches twisted, smooth trunk changing colour from pink to greyish, bark shed in patches in November. White flowers, ribbed fruit. Common throughout Park. Flowering late October - December.
24. Angophora floribunda - Large spreading tree, twisted branches, fibrous branches. Small white flowers, ribbed fruit. On richer slopes around Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering October - December.
25. Angophora hispida - Small tree, rarely 3 m tall, broad opposite leaves, young leaves covered with reddish hairs. Large clusters of creamy flowers, ribbed fruit. Flowering October - December.
26. Angophora hybrid - a natural hybrid, this small tree occurs in a stand on the plateau beside the cement path between the oval and the picnic area.
27. Anisopogon avenaceus - A grass, with stems up to 1m high and pendulous inflorescence. Leaves are fine-pointed and hairless. On sandy soils in forest. Flowering October - November.
28. Aristida ramosa var. ramosa - A grass. Seeds have 3 awns, which are pointed and penetrate woollen socks. On sandy soils. Flowering December - March.
29. Aristida vagans - A grass. Flower heads are more open and spreading than A.ramosa. Flowering December - March.
30. Aristida warburgii (CG) - A grass. Compact to 1 m tall. Seeds with 3 awns, the middle of which is bent back. Noted on ridgetop south of oval. Flowering December - February.
31. Asplenium australasicum (CG) - An epiphytic fern with long simple fronds growing from a central base. Probably introduced in the Park. Young plants in small gully below Douglas Haig Street entrance.
32. Asplenium flabellifolium - A small fern, in sheltered pockets of soil or among rocks. Common in the Park, especially on slopes.
33. Astroloma humifusum - A low shrub, often forming mats; narrow pointed leaves. Red tubular flowers up to 12mm long, somewhat hidden in the foliage. On plateau. Flowering February - June.
34. Astroloma pinifolium - Low shrub with crowded pine-like leaves. Tubular red flower, green-yellow at the tip. On plateau. Flowering May - September.
35. Austrodanthonia longifolia (CG) - An erect grass to 80 cm tall. Open forest and rocky slopes. Common in Park among boulders on riverside slopes. Flowering September - January.
36. Austrodanthosia racemosa (CG) - Grass to 60 cm tall. Grows in woodland on sandy soils. Noted on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering September - January.
37. Austrodanthonia tenuior - An erect tufted grass, with flowers in spikes. Occurring in dry woodland on sandy soils. Flowering October-December.
38. Austrostipa pubescens (CG) - Perennial grass to 1.5 m tall. Seed with reddish-brown hairs and a long bent awn. Widespread on ridgetop woodland. Flowering September - October.
39. Avicennia marina var. australasica - Small tree of intertidal mud flats, leaves opposite, flowers small and orange, fruit a compressed oval capsule which floats. Tree usually surrounded by conspicuous aerial roots in the mud. Common around Park margins, especially Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering January - March.
40. Banksia ericifolia - Tall shrub, small crowded leaves, orange-red flower spikes. Uncommon in Park. Flowering April - August.
41. Banksia integrifolia - Tree, leaves mostly entire, flower spikes lemon-yellow. Common near baths and around shoreline. Flowering March - September.
42. Banksia oblongifolia - Small shrub, leaves toothed, under-leaves with brown hairs, green-yellow flower spikes. Dry plateau west of oval. Flowering March - June.
43. Banksia serrata - Small tree, stiff saw-tooth leaves, grey-green flower spikes. Widespread and common. Flowering December - March.
44. Banksia spinulosa - Small shrub, small narrow upright leaves, golden-yellow flower spikes with hooked styles. Plateau area but uncommon. Flowering April - September.
45. Baumea juncea - A sedge forming clumps of erect greyish stems to 70 cm tall. In saline swampy conditions around Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering October - December.
46. Billardiera scandens - Low twining plant, green-yellow bell flowers, cylindrical fruit. Widespread. Flowering March - November.
47. Blandfordia nobilis - Well known bell-shaped flower, red with yellow lobes. Rare in the Park probably because of indiscriminate picking. One plant recorded flowering in November 1981 on the slope on the Oatley Bay side of the oval. Also 1986, 1987,1996. Flowering November - January.
48. Blechum sp. - Ground fern. An old record. Possibly around Lime Kiln Bay.
49. Bossiaea ensata - Straggling low shrub, apparently leafless, flattened stems, yellow pea flowers. Widespread on plateau. Flowering September - November.
50. Bossiaea heterophylla - Low shrub, flattened stems, small alternate leaves, yellow pea flowers with red keel. On headland track. Flowering March - June.
51. Bossiaea scolopendria - Shrub to 1 m tall, flattened stems, leafless, like B.ensata but larger in all its parts. Uncommon on plateau. Flowering August - October.
52. Brachyloma daphnoides - Small erect shrub, lance-shaped flat leaves, white bell-shaped flowers highly scented. Woodland. Flowering August - October.
53. Breynia oblongifolia - Shrub with spreading branches and distinct rows of leaflets. Tiny flowers on short stalks. Fruit a round berry. Widespread in shaded areas. Flowering October -December.
54. Brunoniella pumilio - Small perennial with mauve-blue tubular flowers. Usually a plant of clay areas in western Sydney, it is unusual to find it locally. Recorded from the Park in 1882. Observed flowering after fire on the Lime Kiln Bay side of the picnic area on 28 January,1989.
55. Burchardia umbellata - Herb, long narrow leaves from base of stem, flower stems to 30 cm tall, white flowers with six segments, in umbels. Common in grassy sheltered areas. Flowering October - November.
56. Bursaria spinosa - Small to medium shrub, thorny branches, small white 5-petalled flowers. On dry plateau, e.g. near oval. Flowering January - March.
57. Caesia parviflora - Small tufted herb, narrow leaves, white flowers arranged along stem, finished flower twisted. Dry plateau and slopes. Flowering October - December.
58. Caladenia catenata - small white ground orchid, single flower on a 20 cm stem, Widespread. Flowering May - September, with some flowers December-January.
59. Calandrinia sp. - Small succulent herb, leaves often pinkish. On rocks near Lime Kiln Bay. Possibly C. pickeringii (CG) which has been recorded several times around Picnic Point, Menai and Illawong (CG). Flowering probably September-October.
60. Callicoma serratifolia - Small tree, large serrated leaves, dull yellow flower balls. Sheltered shaded areas. Flowering October - December.
61. Callistemon linearis (CG) - A spreading shrub to 2 m tall, with red bottlebrush flowers. Leaves stiff, narrow, to 12 cm long and sharp tipped. Rare in park; seen on edge of rocks above a small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering October - December.
62. Callistemon pinifolius (CG) - A spreading shrub to 2 m tall, with greenish-yellow bottlebrush flowers. Leaves stiff, needle-like and sharp-tipped. Rare in Park; seen in small drainage line on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering September - November.
63. Calochilus paludosus - Ground orchid to 30 cm tall, 2 to 8 flowers, green with distinctive dark red hairs like a beard. Uncommon. Flowering September -November, sometimes as late as January.
64. Calochilus robertsonii - Ground orchid to 30 cm tall, 2 to 10 flowers, green with lustrous purple hairs like a beard. Uncommon. Flowering September - October.
65. Calochlaena dubia - Tall ground fern, present in shaded forest understorey and in sheltered areas beneath cliff lines. Common.
66. Carex breviculmis (CG) - Tufted grass-like sedge. Flowers in spikes. Open woodland in sandy soils. Noted on small terrace in moist ground above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering (probably) October - November.
67. Carex inversa (CG) - Small grass-like sedge. Flowers in small sessile spikes. Open dry woodland. Noted in small gully below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering (probably) October - November.
68. Cassinia aculeata - Shrub to 2 m tall, small leaves slightly rough or sticky. Flowers white to straw coloured, in dense heads. Dry open forests. Flowering December - March.
69. Cassinia aureonitens - Erect shrub, flowers in bright yellow dense terminal clusters. Open forest. Flowering October-December.
70. Cassytha pubescens - Parasitic leafless climber on shrubs and trees. Flowers tiny. Fruit a greenish globular berry. Flowering October - December.
71. Casuarina glauca - Tree to 20 m tall, cylindrical pine-like leaves, globular cones. On alluvial flats around salt water margins, especially Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering May - August.
72. Caustis flexuosa - Sedge to 60 cm tall, with distinctive curly branchlets. Widespread on sandy soils. Flowering September - November.
73. Ceratopetalum gummiferum - Small tree, serrated leaflets in threes, white clusters of flowers followed by red sepals which persist through Christmas and are often referred to as flowers. Sheltered slopes. Flowering October - November.
74. Cheilanthes distans (CG) - Fern growing on rocks and riverside slopes to west of Hills Peak. Fronds with hairs on upper surface. Uncommon in Park.
75. Chielanthes sieberi - Fern growing in clumps on rocks. Fronds hairless on both surfaces. Uncommon in Park.
76. Chorizandra cymbaria (CG) - A sedge with upright stems to 100 cm tall and an oval flower head near the top of the stem. Prefers damp ground. Noted in a small drainage sump on a terrace above Douglas Haig street entrance. Flowering September - November.
77. Clematis glycinoides - Climber, compound leaves in 3, masses of white flowers, followed by fruit with long silky appendages. Sheltered slopes. Flowering August - October.
78. Clerodendrum tomentosum - Small hairy-leaved tree, flower white with a long corolla tube with protruding stamens. Shaded positions beneath cliff line. Flowering November.
79. Comesperma ericinum - Slender shrub, pink terminal flowers. On sheltered slopes overlooking Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering August - April.
80. Comesperma sphaerocarpum - Low straggling plant, leafless, tiny blue flower resembling two ears. Open woodland. Flowering December - January.
81. Commelina cyanea (CG) - A weak herb similar to the introduced and troublesome Wandering Jew. Blue flowers. Noted in small gully below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering January - February.
82. Conospermum ericifolium - Erect shrub, narrow linear leaves, white flower heads. Slope above baths. Flowering August - September.
83. Conospermum longifolium ssp. angustifolium - Erect shrub, long narrow leaves, white flower heads. Near baths. Flowering July - October.
84. Correa reflexa - Erect shrub, opposite leaves, yellow- green bell-shaped flowers. Sheltered spots and Hills Lookout. Flowering April - July.
85. Corybas pruinosus - A small hooded ground orchid, with a solitary round to heart-shaped leaf and reddish-purple flower. Sheltered slopes. Flowering May-June.
86. Crassula sieberiana - An insignificant herb, with opposite succulent leaves, often reddish in colour. Flowers tiny, in clusters. Grows on sheltered sandstone rocks. Flowering October - November.
87. Cryptandra amara - A low shrub, with tiny leaves on rigid branches. Abundant white flowers. Uncommon in Park. Recorded from beneath Angophoras on Lime Kiln Bay slope. Flowering late May-June.
88. Cryptostylis erecta (CG) - A ground orchid to 40 cm tall with 2 to 10 flowers conspicuous because of their purple erect hood. Noted on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering December - February.
89. Cyathea australis - A tree fern. Rare in the Park because of the lack of suitable habitat. Sheltered gullies.
90. Cymbopogon refractus - A tufted tall grass with flower-heads resembling barbed wire. Flowering February.
91. Cyperus laevis (CG) - Small grass-like sedge. Seen in sandy-floored caves and ledges, eastern and southern riverside. Flowering unknown.
92. Dampiera stricta - A low plant, to 60 cm tall, with blue flowers bearing conspicuous brown hairs on the back and on buds. Open forest on sandy soils. Flowering October - November.
93. Davallia pyxidata - A fern with long creeping brown-tipped rhizomes. Often grows in rock crevices. Uncommon in the Park.
94. Daviesia corymbosa - A medium shrub, with narrow lance-shaped leaves, clearly veined. Yellow pea flowers with a red centre. Woodland on plateau and slopes. Flowering August - September.
95. Dendrobium linguiforme - A rock orchid, with leaves 3-4 cm long and tongue-shaped. Numerous small white flowers. On sheltered rock faces. Flowering October.
96. Desmodium gunnii (CG) - A variety of D.varians regarded by some botanists as a species in its own right. A prostrate plant with 3-foliolate leaves and small pink pea flowers. In sandy-floored caves below Hills Peak. Flowers all year round.
97. Dianella caerulea var. producta - An erect plant with stems elongated, leafless in the lower part, and long flat leaves united at the base; blue flowers and blue-purple berry. Common. There is another form of Dianella in the Park that does not produce a leafless stem. This is rare in the Park but has been seen on a small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance (CG). It is currently unnamed but is likely to be a new species when the genus is revised. Flowering September-February.
98. Dianella longifolia - An erect plant with long flat leaves, pale blue flowers and a blue berry. Woodland. Flowering September-December.
99. Dianella revoluta - An erect plant with long flat leaves, dark blue flowers and a blue berry. Roadside and woodland. Flowering September-December.
100. Deyeuxia quadriseta (CG) - Grass to 1 m tall. Leaf blade channelled and rough to touch. Flower spikes dense. Noted in moist sandy ground on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowers September - January.
101. Dichelachne micrantha - A tufted grass with a dense flower-head. Forested areas in sandy soils. Flowering September-December.
102. Dichelachne parva/rara (CG) - A tufted grass which may be either D.parva or D.rara. Seeds have a conspicuous twisted awn to 12 mm long. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering December -February.
103. Dichondra repens - An inconspicuous creeping plant with alternate kidney-shaped leaves, Flowers very small, yellowish-white. Widespread. Flowering September-December.
104. Digitaria parviflora (CG) - Erect grass with flowers in slender spikes. Common in sandy woodland. Noted by the sides of the road north of Websters Lookout. Flowering December - January.
105. Digitaria ramularis (CG) - Erect grass flowers in slender spikes. Widespread in sandy open forest and woodland. Noted on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering December - January.
106. Dillwynia retorta - A medium shrub, usually about 1 m tall. Crowded narrow leaves and yellow pea-flowers. Widespread on drier plateau. Flowering July - December, but some flowers at other times.
107. Dipodium punctatum - An erect ground orchid with stems up to 60 cm tall bearing pink spotted flowers. Occasional on sandy soils. Flowering December-January.
108. Diuris maculata - A yellow-flowered ground orchid with stems up to 30 cm tall. Flowers have brown markings. Plateau area. Flowering August-September.
109. Dodonaea triquetra - A common shrub, abundant after fires. Lance-shaped leaves to 10 cm long, insignificant flowers and 3-winged fruit capsules. Widespread. Flowers January-August.
110. Drosera auriculata - Small carnivorous herb, with sticky red-brown hairs to trap insects. Flowers pink or white. Damp sandy sites. Flowering September-December.
111. Drosera peltata - Similar to D.auriculata but with hairy sepals. Damp sandy areas. Flowering September - December.
112. Echinopogon caepitosus var. caepitosus - Tufted grass with cylindrical flower spike. Common in open forest on sandy soils. Flowering November - January.
113. Echinopogon ovatus - Tufted grass with ovoid flower spike. Scattered on plateau on sandy soils. Flowering November - January.
114. Einadia hastata - A low plant of saline zone. Leaves opposite, broadly spear-shaped, flowers in short clusters, fruit a red berry. Behind mangroves in Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering December- February.
115. Elaeocarpus reticulatus - A small tree with lance-shaped, toothed leaves. Masses of white fringed bell-shaped flowers followed by blue berries. Common on sheltered slopes. Flowering November.
116. Entolasia marginata (CG) - Straggling and wiry grass to 80 cm tall. Prefers damper sandy soils. Noted behind mangroves at north-east end of Park. Flowering most of the year.
117. Entolasia stricta (CG) - A straggling wiry grass which grows in scrub in sandy dry areas. Two varieties have been observed in the Park. Variety stricta is common in sandstone woodland. Variety hirsuta has been seen on a small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering most of the year.
118. Entolasia whiteana - Tufted grass with wiry straggling stems. Open woodland on damp sandy soils. Flowering most of the year.
119. Epacris longiflora - Shrub with small heart-shaped leaves and tubular red flowers with white tips. At least one plant with cream flowers on Jewfish Bay Track. Common on sheltered slopes. Some flowers all year round.
120. Epacris pulchella - A medium shrub with pointed heart-shaped leaves and white (sometimes pinkish) flowers up the stem. Common and widespread. Flowers March-June.
121. Epaltes australis (CG) - Small herb less than 20 cm tall. Spoon-shaped toothed leaves and yellow stalkless flower heads. Prefers wet areas. Noted behind mangroves at north-east end of Park. Flowering September - February.
122. Eragrostis benthamii (CG) - Tufted grass to 60 cm tall. Grows in open forest/ woodland on sandy soil. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance and ridgetop woodland. Flowering December -January.
123. Eragrostis brownii (CG) - Tufted grass to 60 cm tall. Grows in woodland on sandy soil. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance and ridgetop woodland. Flowering December-January.
124. Eriostemon scaber ssp. scaber - Medium shrub, with narrow leaves covered with oil glands. White 5-petalled flower. Sheltered slopes. Flowering May-October.
125. Erythrorchis cassythoides - A leafless climbing orchid (formerly called Galeola). A saprophyte, lacking green pigment. Climbs tree trunks to a height of 5 or 6 metres. Flowers pale yellow, in clusters. Occurrence depends on fire frequencies. Observed in 1992 and 1993. Flowers October - November.
126. Eucalyptus 'haemarac' - A tall smooth-barked gum, closely related to Scribbly Gum, but appears to be a different species. Near top entrance and beside oval. Flowering January-February.
127. Eucalyptus capitallata - A misshapen small tree with stringy bark. One tree in clearing of parking area near main entrance. Flowering January.
128. Eucalyptus gummifera - A medium to large tree with characteristic rough bark and urn-shaped fruit. Widespread. Flowering February-March.
129. Eucalyptus pilularis - A tall tree with a stocking of bark on lower trunk and clean upper branches. On slopes. Flowering September-March.
130. Eucalyptus piperita - Tree up to 20m tall with spreading branches. Bark fibrous on trunk and lower branches but smooth on upper branches. Common in Park. Flowering November-January.
131. Eucalyptus punctata - A tree to 25m tall with mottled grey bark which is shed in pieces to reveal pink or greyish new bark. Common in Park. Flowering December - March.
132. Euchiton gymnocephalum (CG) - Formerly Gnaphalium. Herb to 30 cm tall with a rosette of basal leaves and a few stem leaves. Small straw-coloured flowerheads. Noted to the north-west of Oatley Park Avenue entrance. Flowering throughout year.
133. Euchiton sphaericum (CG) - Formerly Gnaphalium. Annual herb to 50 cm tall. Heads a dense terminal cluster of straw-coloured flowers. Large leafy bracts behind the flowerhead separate this species from E. gymnocephalum which has only short bracts. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering throughout year.
134. Eustrephus latifolius - A hairless climber, with pink-white flowers and a globular orange berry. Sheltered sites. flowering October-November.
135. Exocarpos cupressiformis - A small tree, a root parasite, bearing tiny flowers on leafless branches. Fruit is red on a fleshy receptacle. Widespread in Park. Flowering October - February.
136. Exocarpos strictus - Shrub, a root parasite, with tiny flowers. Fruit a round drupe on a swollen receptacle. Scattered but not common. Flowering throughout year.
137. Ficus rubiginosa - A small tree often growing on sheltered rocks where it is dwarfed. Leaves rusty underneath. Fruit are an important food source for birds. Fruits ripe February-July.
138. Gahnia aspera (CG) - Tufted sedge with flat sharp leaves. Small flowers crowded along stems becoming red-brown nuts. Rare in the Park. Recorded in sheltered position behind mangroves below Hills Peak. Flowering irregularly.
139. Gahnia sieberiana - A tall clumped sedge to 2m tall with dense brown flower spikes borne well above the leaves. Sheltered areas along Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering September-December.
140. Gleichenia dicarpa - A ground fern growing in masses in sheltered moist sites. Mostly along lower road facing south.
141. Gleichenia rupestris - A small fern preferring damp sandstone cliff faces. Uncommon in Park, but at least one plant on the rock face above the lower road.
142. Glochidion ferdinandi var. ferdinandi - A medium to tall tree, with glossy leaves in two rows along the stem. Fruit is distinctive, round and flattened like a European cheese. Flowers October. Fruit is on tree to January. Variety pubens, a felty-leaf form occurs occasionally along the Georges River below Picnic Point. There are a few plants in Oatley Park on the woodland slopes to the north-west of Oatley Park Avenue entrance (CG). Apart from the softly hairy leaves, they are identical in appearance to variety ferdinandi.
143. Glossodia major- A purplish ground orchid with a solitary hairy leaf. On the plateau, near oval. Flowering September.
144. Glycine clandestina - A small twining plant with leaves in three and mauve flowers. Widespread and common. Flowering most of the year.
145. Glycine microphylla - A small twining plant with leaves in three and mauve flowers. Prefers semi-shade and shale soils. Flowering most of the year.
146. Glycine tabacina (CG) - A scrambler/twiner with leaves in threes and blue-mauve flowers. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering September - April.
147. Gompholobium glabratum - A small yellow pea flower with 4 to 7 leaflets. Seldom more than 30cm tall. Rare in Park. Flowering August-September.
148. Gonocarpus teucrioides - A inconspicuous plant with sandpapery stems and leaves. Common on sandy soils. Flowering September-December.
149. Goodenia bellidifolia - A small plant to 30 cm tall with toothed basal leaves and yellow flowers on an erect flower stalk. Open forest, usually on damper areas. Flowering chiefly November-February.
150. Goodenia hederacea - A small plant with trailing stems and rounded leaves. Yellow flowers on slender stalks. Open forest, mainly on sheltered slopes. Flowering October - April.
151. Grevillea buxifolia ssp. sphacelata - Erect shrub to 1 m tall, with terminal clusters of grey flowers. Open forest and slopes. Flowering July - November.
152. Grevillea mucronulata - Shrub to 1 m tall, with greenish flowers which have a pink style. Common on slopes. Flowering April - October.
153. Grevillea sericea - Shrub to 1.5 m tall, with clusters of pink flowers. Widespread and common in the Park. Flowering all year round.
154. Haemodorum planifolium - An erect perennial with tuffs of flat strap-like leaves. Black flowers borne on the ends of 60cm stalks. Sandy woodland on plateau. Flowering November - January.
155. Hakea dactyloides - Tall shrub to 3 m , flat leaves with prominent veins, numerous small white flowers along stems. Widespread and common. Flowering September - October.
156. Hakea sericea - Medium shrub with sharp needle-like leaves and abundant white flowers. Woody fruit. Mainly plateau. Flowering June - August.
157. Hardenbergia violacea - A twiner with veined leaves and violet pea flowers. Common scrambling over shrubs or up trees. Flowering July - October.
158. Hibbertia diffusa - A low shrub , with wedge-shaped or spoon-shaped leaves. Flowers yellow. Open forest. Flowering September - December.
159. Hibbertia fasciculata - A small erect shrub with bundles of needle-shaped leaves. Flowers yellow. Sandy open forest on plateau. Flowering August - October.
160. Hibbertia monogyna /circumdans - Shrub to 50cm tall, with wedge-shaped leaves. Flowers yellow. Open forest, e.g., Headland Track. Flowering May - July.
161. Hibbertia nitida - An erect shrub with glossy green leaves and yellow flowers. An uncommon species recorded in a shaded area along the Headland Track, but possibly now locally extinct because of track clearing. Flowering October - December.
162. Hibbertia scandens - A trailing plant with entire glossy leaves and large yellow flowers. Uncommon in Park but found in shaded forest along Headland Track. Flowering throughout the year.
163. Histiopteris incisa - A ground fern with upright hairless light green foliage. Damp areas beneath sandstone cliffs.
164. Hovea linearis - Small erect shrub to 60cm tall, with mauve flowers in leaf axils. A white-flowered form also occurs in the Park. Scattered in dry woodland. Flowering July - August.
165. Hybanthus monopetalus - A slender plant with weak stems to 30cm tall. Flowers mauve with one conspicuous larger petal. Widespread on slopes. Flowering September - December, with some flowers at other times.
166. Hypericum gramineum (CG) - A small erect (to 30 cm) perennial with opposite leaves and yellow 5-petalled flowers. Grassland and woodland. Noted on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering September - February.
167. Hypoxis hygrometrica - A small herb with grass-like leaves and bright yellow flowers like a six-pointed star. Scattered on plateau, but not common. Flowering December.
168. Imperata cylindrica var. major (CG) - Grass with tough erect leaves and cylindrical silky white flowerheads. Sandy areas which have been periodically burnt. Occasionally found in Park in woodland and along roadsides. Flowering November - February and after fire.
169. Isopogon anemonifolius - Erect shrub with stiff divided leaves. Yellow flowers on terminal cone-like heads. Widespread on plateau. Flowering April - November.
170. Juncus continuus (CG) - A clump-forming rush with flowers clustered near the ends of the upright acute stems. Damp sandy soils. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering January - February.
171. Juncus kraussii - A rush covering large areas of tidal salt marsh and the edges of mangrove swamps. Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering November - February.
172. Juncus remotiflorus (CG) - Slender rush with a small rhizome. Flowers small and scattered along the upper stems. Prefers temporarily wet sites. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering time unknown.
173. Juncus usitatus (CG) - Rush to 1 m tall with pale flowers spread along the upper part of the stems. Prefers damp soils. Seen along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering September - January.
174. Kennedia rubicunda - A twiner over the ground or on bushes. Large deep red pea flowers. Common . Flowering September - October.
175. Kunzea ambigua - A tall spreading shrub with small leaves. Flowers white and abundant. Very common throughout the Park, especially along roadsides. Flowering November - December.
176. Lagenifera gracilis - A small daisy with a rosette of leaves and an erect flower stem to 30cm tall. Flower-heads solitary and mauve. Open forest on sandy soils. Flowering December - January.
177. Lambertia formosa - Shrub with rigid pointed leaves, a prominent red flower and a woody seed pod with horns like a mountain devil. Scattered , mainly on lower slopes. Flowering October - May.
178. Lasiopetalum ferrugineum var. ferrugineum - A low shrub, with leaves rusty-hairy below. Small clusters of flowers with rusty hairs on the outside. Widespread. Flowering July - October.
179. Lasiopetalum rufum - Small shrub with narrow leaves, white-hairy below. Flowers in drooping clusters. Widespread. Flowering September - November.
180. Laxmannia gracilis - Grass-like herb with wiry stems to 30cm tall. Pink-white flowers clustered in terminal heads. Grassy areas and woodland. Flowering December - January.
181. Lepidosperma concavum (CG) - A tufted sedge with flat stems and leaves which are rough and sharp. Flower head erect and dense. Fairly common in ridgetop woodland. Flowering time unknown.
182. Lepidosperma laterale - A sedge with flat leaves with sharp edges. Flowers in brown spikelets. This is a very variable species and several forms are recognised. Sp. 'A' occurs occasionally in the Park on ridgetop woodland. Form 'A' was noted on a small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance (CG). Flowering September - March.
183. Lepidosperma neesii (CG) - A sedge forming small clumps. Its terete stems are up to 80 cm tall. Flowers spike-like at the end of the stems. Rare in Park. Noted on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering May - June.
184. Leptomeria acida - A large leafless shrub with minute yellowish flowers in spikes and green soft rounded fruit which is edible. Common on plateau and slopes. Flowering December - April.
185. Leptospermum polygalifolium - Medium shrub with hard bark. Flower 5-petalled and white. Fruit woody. Widespread. Flowering mainly November - December.
186. Leptospermum trinervium - Medium to tall shrub with flaky bark. Flower 5-petalled and white. Fruit woody. Widespread. Flowering October - December.
187. Lepyrodia scariosa - A sedge-like plant with smooth erect unbranched stems. Pale yellow flowers borne in a loose arrangement at the top of the stems. Widespread. Flowering January - February.
188. Leucopogon amplexicaulis - A small undershrub with distinctive stem-clasping leaves. Small white flowers, bearded inside, on spikes exceeding the leaves. Sheltered positions, e.g., along Headland Track. Flowering August - September.
189. Leucopogon ericoides - Upright shrub with small sharp leaves. Numerous small white flowers, bearded inside. On sandy soils of plateau. Flowering July - September.
190. Leucopogon juniperinus - A low shrub with spreading pungent leaves. A few white flowers in leaf axils. Lower dry slopes. Flowering July - August.
191. Lindsaea linearis - A small ground fern usually forming colonies from a creeping rhizome. Open forest among ground cover.
192. Lindsaea microphylla - A small ground fern with delicate lacy fronds growing from a short creeping rhizome. Forest with some shade from eucalypt trees.
193. Lissanthe strigosa - Rigid shrub to 30 cm tall, with narrow pointed leaves and thick clusters of white bell-shaped flowers. Sandy plateau. Flowering July - August.
194. Lobelia alata - Small herb with angular trailing stems. Mauve to pale blue fan-shaped flowers. Damp areas beneath Casuarinas along tidal flats. Flowering December - February.
195. Lobelia dentata - Erect annual herb with weak stems and toothed leaves. Flowers deep blue or mauve with 3 spreading petals. Sandy soil of plateau and slopes; more common after fire. Flowering July - February.
196. Lobelia gracilis (CG) - Trailing plant up to 30 cm tall. Flowers blue-mauve with 3 spreading petals broader than those of L.dentata. Open forest on sandy soils. Ridgetop and slopes. Flowers November - May.
197. Lomandra confertifolia ssp. rubiginosa - Grass-like perennial with narrow wiry leaves. Leaf bases with reddish or brown shreds. Flowers yellowish in upright clusters. Sandy soils on plateau. Flowering October - November.
198. Lomandra cylindrica - Grass-like perennial with tuffs of cylindrical leaves. Flowers small yellow bells on upright stems. Sheltered slopes. Flowering September - October.
199. Lomandra filiformis - Grass-like perennial with tuffs of narrow inrolled leaves. Flowers yellow on short upright stems. Widespread on dry ridgetop woodland and slopes. Two subspecies have been recorded in the Park (CG). Ssp. coriacea on ridgetop south of oval and ssp. filiformis which is common on the plateau and slopes. Flowering October - November.
200. Lomandra gracilis - Grass-like perennial with tuffs of narrow leaves, flat above and convex below. Flowers yellow on erect stems. Scattered on sandy plateau. Flowering October - November.
201. Lomandra longifolia - Tufted plant with strap-like leaves to 80cm long. Creamy flowers borne in large clusters on the end of flattened stems. Widespread and common. Flowering June - October.
202. Lomandra multiflora - Grass-like perennial with firm strap-like leaves and yellow flowers borne in distinctive clusters along an upright stem. Common on dry plateau. Flowering August - October.
203. Lomandra obliqua - Small plant with short twisted leaves along the stems. Flowers yellow, stalkless and in clusters. Widespread and common in woodland. Flowering October - November.
204. Lomatia silaifolia - Erect stiff shrub with much divided, spreading leaves. Creamy-white flowers borne above the leaves. Uncommon in Park. Flowering December.
205. Lyperanthus suaveolens - Ground orchid to 30cm tall. Narrow purplish flowers with yellow labellum. Uncommon, on sheltered slopes. Flowering August - September.
206. Macrozamia communis - Palm-like plant with fronds to one metre long. Female plants produce a large cone within the centre of the plant. Sheltered slopes above the baths.
207. Marsdenia suaveolens - Slender climber with opposite, lance-shaped leaves. Flowers white in clusters from the leaf axils. Sheltered slopes, e.g., Headland Track. Flowering October - February.
208. Melaleuca ericifolia - Erect small tree with small crowded leaves. Creamy-white flowers in short spikes. Margins of mangrove zone in Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering September - November.
209. Melaleuca thymifolia - Medium shrub with narrow leaves. Clusters of mauve curled flowers on the older wood. Sheltered or damp woodland areas. Flowering October - December.
210. Micrantheum ericoides - Small inconspicuous shrub, with leaves in groups of 3. Tiny solitary flowers and round reddish fruit. Widespread on sandy plateau. Flowering August - November.
211. Microlaena stipoides - Slender tufted grass. Flower spike long, narrow and drooping. Widespread. Flowers most of the year.
212. Microtis rara - Small onion-like ground orchid. A solitary fleshy leaf and tiny green flowers up the stem. Sheltered woodland. Flowering October - November.
213. Mitrasacme polymorpha - Small perennial with opposite leaves. Flowers white, 4-petalled and bell-shaped. Common on plateau, but preferring sheltered sites. Flowering October - November.
214. Monotoca elliptica - Large shrub to small tree. Leaves with parallel veins. Small white bell-shaped flowers borne in clusters longer than the leaves. Widespread on slopes and plateau, especially common along margins of Oatley Bay. Flowering June - September.
215. Monotoca scoparia - Erect shrub with narrow pointed leaves, paler underneath. Tiny white bell-shaped flowers in clusters in the leaf axils. Widespread on sandy soils. Flowering April - May.
216. Morinda jasminoides (CG) - A scrambling shrub over rocks and undergrowth. Leaves opposite, with conspicuous raised bumps. Flowers tubular, white-yellow. Fruit a compound orange-red berry. Seen in small gully below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering November - December.
217. Muellerina celastroides - A mistletoe with opposite leaves. Tubular flowers are flesh-coloured with pink bases. Epiphytic on hosts other than eucalypts and observed on Banksia serrata along Headland Track near baths. Flowering December - February.
218. Myoporum acuminatum - Tall shrub with lance-shaped leaves. Flowers white, tubular with purple dots. Fruit round and purplish. Slope above Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering August - October.
219. Notelaea longifolia forma longifolia - Tall shrub with lance-shaped leaves, softly hairy when young becoming hairless with age. Small yellow flowers in short clusters from the leaf axils. Fruit a blue-black berry. A few shrubs in woodland just west of oval. Flowering April - June.
220. Olearia microphylla - Medium shrub with many tiny leaves and abundant small white daisy flowers. Common and widespread on slopes. Flowering June - November.
221. Olearia viscidula - Medium shrub to 1.3 metres tall with leaves to 8 cm long, often sticky. White daisy flowers. Widespread. Flowering September - October.
222. Omalanthus nutans (formerly O. populifolius) - Tall shrub with large leaves, some of which turn red with age. Flowers very small on terminal spikes about as long as the leaves. Fruit a bluish capsule. Sheltered slopes at upper reaches of Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering August - December.
223. Omphacomeria acerba - Leafless shrub to 1 metre tall. Branchlets erect. Male and female flowers on different plants, both very small. Fruit a bitter fleshy green berry. Uncommon. Rocky areas of open forest. Flowering August - November.
224. Opercularia aspera - A small herb with opposite lance-shaped leaves and a characteristic unpleasant smell when crushed. Stems with sandpapery hairs. Flowers small in dense globular heads. Common in sheltered areas, e.g., Headlands Track. Flowering September - November.
225. Opercularia varia- Similar to the above but with smaller narrow leaves. Stems hairless. On slopes west of oval. Flowering September - October.
226. Oplismenus aemulus (CG) - Weak creeping grass. Leaves lance-shaped with wavy margins. Prefers shaded forests. Seen in small gully below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering most of the year.
227. Oplismenus imbecillis (CG) - Weak creeping grass. Leaves narrower than O. aemulus and not wavy. Prefers shaded forests. Noted under ledges of riverside slopes. Flowering most of the year.
228. Oxalis exilis (CG) - Low herb. Leaves in 3, flowers yellow. Widespread in woodland. Noted on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering October - May.
229. Oxalis perennans (CG) - Creeping herb. Leaves in 3, flowers yellow. Widespread in woodland especially in disturbed sites. Noted along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering March - December.
230. Oxalis thompsoniae (CG) - Low creeping herb. Yellow flowers. Previously thought as an introduced species but now regarded as a native plant. Prefers disturbed areas and the damp edges of grassland. Noted to north-west of Oatley Park Avenue entrance. Flowers November - March.
231. Ozothamnus diosmifolius - Upright shrub with small narrow leaves and a dense white flower head up to 7 cm across. Widespread on slopes and in open forest. Flowering September - December.
232. Pandorea pandorana - A woody vine, often climbing up over trees. Leaves compound with 5 -9 leaflets; juvenile leaves smaller, toothed and 9-17 leaflets. Flowers tubular, whitish with red spots. Common in sheltered situations, e.g., below rocky slopes and cliff line. Flowering August - September.
233. Panicum simile - Perennial tufted grass to 50 cm tall. Leaf blade to 3mm wide. Flower stems in a panicle. Widespread in sandy soils of woodland. Flowering December - January.
234. Parsonsia straminea - Climber with long stems which climb over bushes and over ground. Leaves opposite. Stem and leaves with yellow sap. Juvenile leaves small with deep purple underneath. Flowers yellow and bearded in tube. Fruit a long pendulous follicle releasing seeds with long silky hairs. Sheltered areas below sandstone cliff line. Flowering December -January.
235. Paspalidium distans (CG) - Tufted grass to 70 cm tall. Widespread in woodland on sandy soils. Noted in ridgetop woodland south of oval. Flowering December - January.
236. Patersonia glabrata - Small plant with tufts of flattened leaves. Violet 3-petalled flowers on slender stems. Outer bracts of flowers brown-silky but not woolly. Scattered on sandy plateau. Flowering October - November.
237. Patersonia sericea - Small plant with tufts of flattened leaves. Violet-mauve 3-petalled flowers on slender stems. Outer bracts of flowers silky-woolly. Common on sandy plateau and slopes. Flowering July - October.
238. Pelargonium inodorum (CG) - Herb to 35 cm tall with softly hairy stems. Leaves heart-shaped and lobed. Deep pink Geranium-like flowers. Noted on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering December - January.
239. Persicaria decipiens - Small sprawling plant with hairless stems and leaves. Small pink flowers on slender pendulous spikes. Wet sites on landward side of mangroves, Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering January - March.
240. Persoonia hirsuta ssp. hirsuta - Spreading medium shrub with hairy stems, leaves and flowers. Leaves 6-12mm long with margins curled under. Flowers few and yellow. Fruit distinctly hairy. At least one plant recorded in 1988 on slope west of picnic area. May be locally extinct because of excessive hazard reduction burning. Flowering October -November.
241. Persoonia laurina ssp. laurina - Small erect shrub with broad opposite leaves. Flowers yellow and covered with dense rusty hairs. Scattered but not common. Recorded from Headland Track near point. Flowering October - December.
242. Persoonia levis - A tall shrub with flaky bark and broad light green leaves. Flowers yellow. Fruit a green berry. Widespread and common. Flowering October - December.
243. Persoonia linearis - Tall shrub with long flat narrow leaves. Flowers yellow borne near the ends of the branchlets. Slopes and sheltered positions. Flowering December - August.
244. Petrophile pulchella - An erect shrub to 3 metres tall. Leaves very divided. Flowers terminal and yellow. Seeds in woody cones. Sandy soils plateau and slopes. Flowering December - March.
245. Phragmites australis - Reed-like tall grass with stout stems to 3 metres tall. Flowers in dense heads above the leaves. Extensive stands in upper reaches of Lime Kiln Bay and on mudflats behind mangroves. Flowering January - April.
246. Phyllanthus hirtellus - Small insignificant shrub to 40 cm tall. Minute creamy flowers from leaf axils. Common on dry plateau. Flowering June - November.
247. Pimelea linifolia - Slender erect shrub to 1 metre tall. Leaves opposite and narrow. Conspicuous white flower heads at the ends of the stems. A very common component of the sandy plateau and slopes. Some flowers all year.
248. Pittosporum undulatum - Small tree with dark green leaves; clusters of white perfumed flowers. Very common in sheltered spots. Flowering September - November.
249. Platycerium bifurcatum - Large fern with forked fronds resembling deer antlers. Grows on large sheltered rocks and tall trees. Rare in the Park.
250. Platysace ericoides - Low shrub with rough-hairy stems. Leaves crowded and narrow. Flowers white in compound heads. Open woodland between oval and Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering December - April.
251. Platysace lanceolata - Understorey shrub with lance-shaped leaves which have a carrot-like smell when crushed. Numerous white flowers in terminal heads. Widespread. The most common flower in the Park in summer months. Flowering December - February.
252. Platysace linearifolia - Small shrub with narrow linear leaves which have a carrot-like smell when crushed. Numerous white flowers in terminal heads. Common on sandy soils. Flowering December - April.
253. Poa affinis - Tufted grass to 1 metre tall. Leaf blades firm and rigid. Woodland areas on sandy soils. Flowering September - January.
254. Podocarpus elatus - Medium tree with dark green leaves to 15cm long. Male and female cones borne on separate trees. Fruit blue-black and fleshy. At least one tree on sheltered slope south of pool.
255. Podocarpus spinulosus - Low ground cover. Leaves pungent-pointed to 6cm long. Male cones small cylindrical and in clusters in the leaf axils. Female cones occurring singly. Fruit blue-black and fleshy. Common in sheltered areas along Headland Track.
256. Polymeria calycina - Trailing plant with roundish leaves, heart-shaped at the base. Flowers pink. Grassland and roadside of Douglas Haig St. Uncommon. Flowering October - December.
257. Polyscias sambucifolia - Tall shrub with compound leaves. Flowers small, greenish and borne in branched terminal sprays. Fruit a bluish compressed succulent capsule. Scattered on sheltered slopes, e.g., behind baths and along Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering December - January.
258. Pomaderris intermedia (CG) - Shrub to 2 m, with woolly hairs on young branches. Undersurface of leaves with white-grey hairs. Flowers yellow in terminal clusters. Sheltered forest. Noted along Headland Track below Websters Lookout. Flowering September - October.
259. Pomaderris lanigera - Shrub to 2 m, with rusty hairs covering stems and lower leaves. Numerous small yellow flowers in showy terminal heads. Sheltered forest, e.g., Headland Track. Flowering August - September.
260. Pomax umbellata - Low herb with minute reddish flowers in umbels at ends of branches. Widespread on plateau. Flowering September - November.
261. Poranthera ericifolia - Low plant to 20cm tall, with small crowded leaves and minute white flowers in terminal clusters. Woodland and sandy plateau. Flowering October - November.
262. Poranthera microphylla - Small annual herb to 10cm tall, with soft spreading branches and tiny spoon-shaped leaves. White flowers in showy terminal clusters. Shady forest. Flowering September - December.
263. Pratia purpurascens - Small herb; leaves elliptic, toothed and purplish on the underside. Flowers pale mauve-white, solitary on long stalks. Damp and sheltered places. Flowering January - May.
264. Psilotum nudum - Small wiry plant, apparently leafless, with ribbed and branched stems. Yellow spore-producing structures near end of stems. In crevices of sandstone cliffs, e.g., below lookout.
265. Pteridium esculentum - An upright tough ground fern, with leathery fronds, dark green above. Creeping rhizome which assists propagation after fire. Scattered in the Park.
266. Pterostylis concinna - Small ground orchid. Flower green with brown markings; labellum double-tipped and lateral sepals long and raised above the flowers. At least one colony beside track from Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering June - August.
267. Pterostylis curta - Small ground orchid. Flower green; labellum twisted and lateral sepals short. Scattered but uncommon. Flowering June - August.
268. Pterostylis nutans - Small ground orchid. Flower green and distinctly bent forward. Labellum linear and curved downwards; lateral sepals short. Widespread in small colonies. Flowering June - September.
269. Pultenaea daphnoides - A shrub to 3 m tall with wedge-shaped leaves to 2.5 cm long. Yellow pea flowers growing in heads. Sheltered sites, such as lower track near baths. Flowering August - September.
270. Pultenaea linophylla - Small erect shrub to 80 cm tall; narrow leaves notched at the apex. Yellow pea flowers in heads. Open woodland near oval. Flowering August - September.
271. Pultenaea stipularis - Erect shrub to 2 m tall. Crowded narrow leaves and dense yellow pea flowers in terminal heads. Sheltered slopes. Flowering August - September.
272. Rapanea howittiana (CG) - Small tree, with large (to 10 cm) glossy leaves and small flowers in clusters on the old wood. Sheltered sites. Noted in small gully below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering August - November.
273. Rapanea variablis - Small tree with leathery toothed leaves. Tiny cream flowers in clusters along branches on old wood. Sheltered sites. Flowering August - September.
274. Ricinocarpos pinifolius - Erect shrub with narrow leaves. Conspicuous and abundant white flowers with yellow centres. Sandy soils beneath cliff line. Flowering August - November.
275. Samolus repens - Small herb with creeping and upright stems. Flowers are white with 5 petals and about 10 mm across. Common in saltmarsh and mangrove margins of Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering October - January.
276. Sarcocornia quinqueflora - Succulent, leafless plant, with fleshy jointed stems standing erect to 25 cm tall. Tiny flowers clustered around the joints. Saltmarsh and mangrove margins of Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering November - February.
277. Scaevola ramosissima - Straggling plant with branches covered with stiff hairs. Purple flowers with 5 spreading petals like a fan. Common on sandy plateau. Flowering October - March.
278. Schoenus melanostachys (CG) - A sedge with clumps of stems to 40 cm tall. Numerous loose spikelets of flowers on slender stalks. Prefers damp places. Noted on moist sandy ground on small terrace above Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering August - February.
279. Selaginella uliginosa (CG) - A fern ally with upright stems and tiny bright green leaves which often turn bronze when in the sun. Prefers damp deep sand. Noted in small gully below Douglas Haig Street entrance.
280. Senecio quadridentatus (CG) - Erect herb to 80 cm tall. Leaves narrow to 12 cm long with lower surface cotton grey. Narrow flowerheads of daisy-like flowers. Noted along track below Douglas Haig Street entrance. Flowering October - December.
281. Smilax australis - Climber with tough stems bearing prickles. Leathery leaves with 5 prominent veins. White flowers in umbels and fruit a cluster of black berries. Sheltered sites. Flowering September.
282. Smilax glyciphylla - Slender climbing plant, found creeping over shrubs or over the ground and rocks. Leaves with 3 prominent veins. White flowers in umbels and fruit a cluster of black berries. Young leaves have a sweet "sarsaparilla" taste. Very common in sheltered sites. Flowering December - February.
283. Spiranthes sinensis - Slender ground orchid with an upright stem bearing small pink and white hooded flowers in a spiral up the stem. Uncommon in the Park. Sheltered sandy areas on plateau and slopes. Flowering January - March.
284. Stackhousia viminea - Slender erect plant with wiry stems bearing few leaves and scattered green-yellow bell-shaped flowers. Open woodland. Flowering November - December.
285. Stylidium graminifolium - Low herb with grass-like leaves at base of plant. Pink flowers on an erect stem. Flowers with sensitive "trigger" set off by visiting insects. Plateau woodland and drier slopes. Flowering May - January.
286. Stylidium productum - Low herb with grass-like leaves scattered along the stems. Pink flowers on erect stem. Flowers with sensitive "trigger" set off by visiting insects. Shaded areas above baths. Flowering October -January.
287. Styphelia laeta ssp. laeta - Low shrub with lance-shaped leaves. Yellow-green tubular flowers. Sandy soils on lower slopes of Lime Kiln Bay. Flowering March - April.
288. Styphelia tubiflora - Small spreading shrub with pointed leaves. Conspicuous red tubular flowers. Plateau and slopes. Flowering May - August.
289. Tetraria capillaris - Clumped sedge to 60 cm tall. Rounded stems with terminal spikelets. Sheltered sandy woodland and grassland.
290. Tetrarrhena juncea - Tufted grass with much-branched wiry stems. Flower head narrow rice-like spikelets. Common on sandy heath. Flowering most of the year.

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